Who is the Outsider?
In what may seem like a puzzling passage this week, there is a simple
message: God’s mercy is inclusive by reaching across every line to bring
people in. Our lectionary is a shorter version, but we would miss the
significance of the Canaanite woman. That movement in Matthew’s
narrative is what many will find most meaningful, even with the discomfort
of what preceded it.
Some people find talking about what comes out of the body to be
unhelpful and just not polite to talk about in Church. But this did not stop
Jesus from using this language.
This context is the background to the Canaanite woman’s story; Jesus
helps people’s needs by healing, listening, blessing and teaching. Then
he takes five loaves and two fish, blesses them and distributes them
(twelve baskets of food).
The fulfilment of the twelve tribes of Israel, the promise that a community
will gather all people to itself, is reinforced by the reading of Isaiah. All
nations will look to Jerusalem. This is part of the mission to gather the
twelve tribes of Israel. This is a fulfilment of the ministry to the lost sheep
of the country.
That walking-on-water experience demonstrates Jesus’ authority over
nature and shows more about the symbolism than the event itself. Peter’s
invitation shows us that we are too often distracted by Jesus’ presence.
The storm is in place, but the message is clear: stay focused on Jesus in
life’s storms and keep going, because more challenges await Peter next.
And so we suddenly interrupt this overarching arc of inclusion and
passion with a story about clean and unclean inclusion and exclusion.
The earthy transition is so important because it does frame what is
coming. The Pharisees could easily justify, at a time when we’ve lived
through COVID, insisting on the twenty-second washing of hands rule. In
their minds, they saw the absence of commitment to the Levitical code as
a sign that Jesus was not from God. If he were from God, he would keep
the laws and precepts. And Jesus points out that the focus is still not on
the divine.
It is not only a matter of ancient history. In Church life now, tradition or
settled procedure has all been tested without questioning its purpose. For
example, one Church might be so focused on keeping old traditions.
When rules are so much more about following them, the love, mercy, and
inclusion of the people Jesus calls to life will be missed.
When challenged by the Pharisees and scribes, Jesus’ response is harsh.
“What goes into the mouth goes into the stomach and eventually into the
sewer.” The Bible version that I’m most familiar with is the New Revised
Standard. Jesus’ argument is quite earthy. Food goes in, digestion takes
place, and waste comes out. It’s not the waste that uncleanliness comes
from, though; it’s the heart that is the issue. Then more worried about
rules for rules’ sake, but the long list that is given about adultery and all
the other vices comes from the heart.
If what comes out of the heart is represented by what comes out of the
mouth, that is very pointed back at the Pharisees. They are more
concerned with controlling people through precepts and regulations and
have lost sight of why those rules were in place. Some rules were also
applied and seem to be more important than the reasons they were put in
place.
Now Jesus goes to Tyre and Sidon. And so we lose the previous teaching
and interaction between the disciples, Jesus, and the Pharisees. Their
hearts are not in the right place. They still question what standards they
want to hold. Jesus dismisses this particular notion of clean or unclean or,
if you like, what is in and what is out. And right in front of Jesus is a
Canaanite woman calling out to Jesus to save her daughter.
The literary movement is almost like this.
What files?
Not that.
Then who belongs?
Watch this.
From the vantage point of Isaiah 56, this may be a crucial moment in
Jesus’ life, in which a woman outside the community demonstrates the
faith he wants from the Pharisees and disciples, to the best of his ability.
Isaiah calls for justice and right. Foreigners who do join the Lord are sent
to the holy Mountain; 56 says, “My house will be a house of prayer for all
people.” The prophecy also mentions gathering others in addition to
those already there.
In the 67th Psalm, we read, God, be gracious to us and bless us that your
saving power may work among all nations. It’s not Israel alone. All nations.
God’s message must be sent to all the corners of the Earth. Your saving
power among all nations is achieved so that you may overflow.
When the storm challenged Peter, he said three words: Lord, save me.
Jesus says to the Canaanite woman: “I’ve come to gather the lost tribes of
Israel, and it’s no point in throwing their goodness to the dogs.” That’s
quite horrific.
Dogs were not pets; they were livestock. They’re outsiders.
But the woman challenges him, and even the dog eats the crumbs under
the table. So in her prayer she says, “Lord, help me.” Jesus looks at her
and admires her faith. This woman, unlike the Pharisees who were
concerned with rules, had raised her eyes to Jesus. Her daughter was
cured.
This passage shows how Jesus’s compassion goes beyond boundaries
and rules, particularly the depth of his care. So, in feminist theology, which
addresses women’s faith and their struggle for equality as followers of
faith, this is one of the moments of compassion. In this scene, an outsider
(a woman) reaches out to Jesus, and he gives genuine compassion. She
knows who he is; she knows he has the power to make change.
Let’s look again at what’s happening here. Peter:
Lord, save me;
the woman: Have mercy on me, Lord, Son of David.
One prayer offered inside
the boat. One comes outside of Israel. Peter, a disciple called by Jesus, is
destined to be the rock on which the Church will be based; sinks. This
woman is a Canaanite woman. Matthew has marked her as belonging to
the ancient outside enemy category, yet she helps Peter.
The answers will be vitally important. Peter hears you with little faith, but
the woman here is a great woman of your faith. The rock has little faith.
The outsider still has great faith, but neither of these two was abandoned.
These are the cracks in the whole sequence of Matthew chapter 15. This
is about faith and compassion. Faith might be found where we least
expect it.
The woman, who calls out, challenges the idea that mercy is only for
Israel. In the process of filling the crumbs after the feeding, there is much
to share with the woman and daughter from Cana. In sharing, there is
much mercy and love from the heart of God for us to receive. God be
gracious to us and bless us and make his face to shine upon the earth
that your way may be known on earth and your saving power among all
nations. The Psalm is clear.
Food does not make us unclean. Foreigners don’t put you beyond mercy.
Israel is rejected because the Gentiles are gathered. Gentiles have no
superiority because they have been gathered by mercy. God’s house is
our house of prayer for all people. And again we go back to the Psalm.
Let the people praise you, O God; let all the people praise you.
This isn’t just about inclusion; it’s a scandal of mercy and sharing. Jesus’
hand goes beyond borders, in an artificial landscape of greed, ideology
and prejudice.
In ‘The Merchant of Venice,’ Portia says:
‘The quality of mercy is not strain’d.
It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven
upon the place beneath.
It is twice blest:
It blesseth him that gives and him that takes.
As members of Christ’s body, we are called to act in his Spirit—to stray
from what’s in order and to follow the call. We’re going to share
generously, but we’re going to know that we should respect everyone’s
dignity, regardless of background, walk of life or creed. All beings made in
God’s image are entitled to honour and respect, male and female and all
in between. All creation gives glory to God, without exception.
The woman who first calls Jesus the Son of David. David’s grandmother
was a gentile. Is there a genuine question regarding Jesus’ lineage and
outsider status? Could Jesus himself be an outsider as well, who has a
human lineage to those on the margins? Matthew points out that Jesus
connects to outsiders. Jesus’ compassion extends to those who don’t
belong. Inclusion, mercy and belonging are at the heart of Jesus’ story,
crossing boundaries from within.
Lord, save me. Lord, have mercy. These are the prayers Jesus speaks.
This week, can we find ways to love, show mercy, and practice inclusion
daily? We can open our hearts to someone who feels left out, help a
neighbour, or repair a broken relationship. When we listen deeply,
volunteer, or invite someone new, we have a way to share, give thanks,
and extend kindness in small or large ways.
God gives an increase, and our God will bless us. God will bless us, and
all the earth shall rejoice.




























